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A History of Project Mercury details what happened next:. At nineteen hours before launch these two animals were put on low-residue diets, fitted with biosensors, and checked out in their pressurized couch-cabins. Seven and one-half hours before the flight a second physical examination was given, followed by more sensor and psychomotor tests. About four hours before launch, the two chimps were suited up, placed in their couches, and brought aboard the transfer van, where their environmental control equipment was attached.
The trailer truck arrived at the gantry alongside MR-2, and there, an hour and a half before the scheduled launch time, the chimpanzee named "Ham," … still active and spirited although encased in his biopack, boarded the elevator to meet his destiny. Ham rode into space in Mercury spacecraft 5, boosted by a Mercury-Redstone 2 rocket. He was strapped into a harness inside a pressurized capsule like the one below. The capsule would allow him to breathe if the cabin pressure in the spacecraft failed.
The Museum has seven primate capsules, but none is currently on public display. The capsules are made of aluminum and fiberglass, with two Plexiglas windows. They measure The original flight plan called for an altitude of miles and speeds ranging up to 4, mph. However, due to technical problems, the spacecraft carrying Ham reached an altitude of miles and a speed of 5, mph and landed miles downrange rather than the anticipated miles… He experienced a total of 6.
In addition, there was a partial loss of air pressure while in space, but disaster was averted because of the pressurized capsule encasing Ham. After splashdown, water flooded the capsule and if the rescue helicopter had not arrived when it did, Ham might have drowned. Despite these difficulties, Ham seemed calm and in good spirits upon his return.
He shook hands with the commander of the recovery ship and others, and readily accepted an apple. He did become agitated later when faced with the paparazzi, however, according to the post-flight report:. Robert F. Wallace, an STG information officer on the scene, reported that Ham was excited when returned to Hangar S after his flight. Being unable to debrief his handlers, Ham alone knew at this time how grueling his flight had been.
Flashbulbs and crowding newsmen made him highly agitated, and he snapped at several people Later, when his handler led him back toward a capsule for pictures requested by the TV crews, Ham again became highly perturbed. A medical examination revealed Ham was slightly fatigued and dehydrated, but otherwise fine.
Results of the tasks he performed showed his reaction times were only slightly slower than on Earth, proving that astronauts could perform activities effectively in space. To quote A History of Project Mercury :. Ham's flight on MR-2 was a significant accomplishment on the American route toward manned space flight. Now the Space Task Group knew that even with some hazardous malfunction it might reasonably hope to complete a manned ballistic mission successfully.
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