The war crimes trials at nuremberg

The War Crimes Trials at Nuremberg. Documents Displaying 1 - of documents. Memorandum regarding the Application of General Tomoyuki Yamashita. Letter from Green H. Hackworth to John McCloy. Hackworth to Samuel Rosenman, accompanied by related correspondence.

Memorandum from Myron C. Cramer to John McCloy. Memorandum from R. Cutter to Murray C. Ecer on Professor Trainin's Book". Statement, Franklin D. Roosevelt to Stephen S. Agreement for the Establishment of an International Military Tribunal. Aide Memoire regarding war crime trials. Army Ration card issued to Katherine Fite. Arne Brogger to James B. Donovan, accompanied by diary notes. Copy of telegram from Samuel Rosenman to Robert Jackson, accompanied by related correspondence. Correspondence between Harry S.

Truman and Evangeline Booth, accompanied by an internal note. Correspondence between Matthew Connelly and George Messersmith. Correspondence between Robert Jackson and Robert G. Dinner menu from the Grand Hotel, Nuremberg, Germany. Draft Agreement on the Punishment of War Criminals. Draft Memorandum for Franklin D.

Draft of statement from James Byrnes to Soviet Ambassador. Internal Memorandum from Dr. Jacoby and Dr. Sinder to Jacob Robinson. Letter from Chan Shapiro to Irving Dwork. Letter from Davidson Sommers to Samuel Rosenman. Letter from Dr. Irving Dwork to Dr. Hackworth to Samuel Rosenman, accompanied by related materials. Letter from Herbert Wechsler to Charles Ross, accompanied by a draft and actual press release. Letter from Irving Dwork to Dr.

Jacob Robinson. Letter from Irving Dwork to Jacob Robinson. Letter from J. Howard McGrath to Theron L. Letter from Jacob Robinson to Irving Dwork. Letter from Jacob Robinson to Robert H. Letter from Jacob Robinson to William F. Letter from John Weir and R.

Cutter to Samuel Rosenman. Letter from Joseph E. Davies to Samuel Rosenman. Letter from Katherine Fite to Mr. Emerson Fite. Letter from M. Latta to James Byrnes, accompanied by related correspondence. Latta to Tom Clark, accompanied by related correspondence.

Letter from Robert H. Jackson to Harry S. Letter from Robert Jackson to Harry S. Truman, accompanied by related materials. Letter from Robert Jackson to William Donovan.

Letter from Roger Dow to R. Letter from Samuel Rosenman to Green H. Hackworth, accompanied by related materials. Letter from Samuel Rosenman to Joseph C. Grew, accompanied by related correspondence. Grew, accompanied by related materials.

Letter from Stephen S. Wise to Robert P. Letter from Tom C. Clark to Harry S. Letter from William Donovan to Robert Jackson. Letter, Irving Dwork to Jacob Robinson.

Lunch menu from the Grand Hotel, Nuremberg, Germany. Memorandum entitled "List of Major War Criminals". Memorandum entitled "Program of Discussion with Judge Rosenman". Memorandum entitled "Punishment of War Criminals". Jackson ". Memorandum for Record by Murray C. Bernays, accompanied by related correspondence. Memorandum for Saumel Rosenman, accompanied by a draft memorandum regarding punishment of war criminals. Memorandum from D. Sprecher to R. Memorandum from Edgar G. Boedeker and Richard Heller to Sidney Alderman.

Memorandum from George Messersmith to Harry S. Truman, James Byrnes, and Robert Jackson. Memorandum from Henry Morgenthau to Samuel Rosenman, accompanied by related memoranda. Memorandum from Jacob Robinson to Mr. Memorandum from Leonard Wheeler to Robert G. Memorandum from Leonard Wheeler to Robert Jackson. Memorandum from Murray C. Bernays and D. Memorandum from Robert H. Memorandum from Samuel Rosenman to Franklin D. Roosevelt, with related correspondence.

Memorandum from Samuel Rosenman to Harry S. Truman, accompanied by copies of a telegram from Green Hackworth to Joseph Grew. Memorandum from Samuel Rosenman to Scott W. Lucas, accompanied by a copy of a press release. Memorandum from Sidney Alderman to Robert Jackson. Memorandum from Telford Taylor. Memorandum from the White House to Colonel Davenport. Memorandum of Conversation with Samuel Rosenman accompanied by a press release from the Yalta Conference.

Memorandum regarding war criminals. Memorandum, Biographical information on Ernst Kaltenbrunner. Minutes of Meeting of Committee Four. Jackson in New York City. Officer's Mess Identification card issued to Katherine Fite. Paraphrase of telegram from Jefferson Caffery to James Byrnes, accompanied by related correspondence. Pass into Potsdam issued to Katherine Fite.

Press Release copy of letter from Robert H. Press Release of Executive Order , accompanied by related materials. Press Release of statement by Harry S. Truman and executive order of Harry S. Press Release, Statement from Stephen S. Wise, World Jewish Congress. Report of Interrogation of Konteradmiral Godt. Report, "Trial Charges, Introduction". Telegram from Jacob Robinson to A.

Telegram from John Weir to Davidson Sommers. Telegram from Robert Jackson to James Byrnes. Telegram from Samuel Rosenman to Harry S. Telegram from the U. Translation of Document No. Translation of the Document No. Truman and Francis Biddle, accompanied by related materials. Truman and Robert Jackson accompanied by related correspondence.

Truman and Willis Smith. Correspondence between Henry Stimson and Harry S. Truman, accompanied by a copy of a letter from Henry Stimson to Robert Jackson. Correspondence between John J. Parker and Harry S.

Truman, accompanied by a press release. Japan surrendered six days later, on August 14, At the subsequent Moscow Conference, held in December , the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States with concurrence from China agreed to a basic structure for the occupation of Japan. Like the Nuremberg Charter, it laid out the composition, jurisdiction, and functions of the tribunal. Each of these countries also had a prosecution team.

A Japanese scholar also was indicted, but charges against him were dropped during the trial because he was declared unfit due to mental illness. Japanese Emperor Hirohito and other members of the imperial family were not indicted. In fact, the Allied powers permitted Hirohito to retain his position on the throne, albeit with diminished status. These subsequent trials, however, were not held by international tribunals but instead by domestic courts or by tribunals operated by a single Allied power, such as military commissions.

On October 1, , the Tribunal convicted 19 of the defendants and acquitted three. Of those convicted, 12 were sentenced to death. Three defendants were sentenced to life imprisonment and four to prison terms ranging from 10 to 20 years. On October 16, executions were carried out by hanging in the gymnasium of the courthouse. In , the prisoners sentenced to incarceration were sent to Spandau Prison in Berlin.

From December to April , a series of twelve additional military tribunals for war crimes against Nazi Germany leaders were held by the United States in the Palace of Justice. The defendants were high-ranking physicians, judges, industrialists, SS commanders and police commanders, military personnel, civil servants, and diplomats.

The trials uncovered the German leadership that supported the Nazi dictatorship. Of the defendants, 24 were sentenced to death, 20 to lifelong imprisonment, and 98 other prison sentences.

Twenty five defendants were found not guilty. Many of the prisoners were released early in the s as a result of pardons. Thirteen of the 24 death sentences were executed. American jurists in occupied Germany developed international law with the concept of crimes against humanity, then grappled with its meaning.

Interpreters and translators were the unspoken heroes of the Nuremberg Trials. Their work at Nuremberg was a groundbreaking development in simultaneous interpretation.

Following victory, the Allies turned to the legal system to hold Axis leaders accountable. In an unprecedented series of trials, a new meaning of justice emerged in response to war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by both the Germans and the Japanese throughout the war.